Cairo mystery charm and culture

Cairo the capital of Egypt, with about 20 million inhabitants, is the largest city in Africa. Extended on the banks of the Nile, about 20 miles south of where the river divides into two main branches, Cairo is characterized by great contrasts. He remains fascinated by this green valley, which emerges suddenly in the midst of the immense desert. At any time of day from anywhere in the city, you can see the domes of countless mosques, tall buildings, wide avenues and beautiful gardens, not for nothing was described as the capital of the world. Just outside the city is the Giza plateau, with its famous Sphinx which guard the pyramids.
The Pyramids of Egypt
While the wonders of the ancient world were falling one after another, they continued to resist the time: the pyramids of Egypt were born by the ambition to live forever. The word pyramid comes from the Greek "pyramis", a name probably taken from the typical Egyptian Pie. But the pyramid to the Egyptians meant much more. Was the guarantee of immortality of their fowls, their conductor, and their kingdom. Dynastic times in the bodies of the dead were buried in simple graves in the anonymity of sand and desert. Entered into a process of natural mummification, as testimnoiano various cemeteries around the area downstream of kings. Already at this time the Egyptians believed in life after death, given the objects found alongside these mummies. During the early dynasties of rulers began to use more elaborate structures seppoltura for members of the court. The mastaba tombs were of a "large step" shape of a truncated pyramid. The structure contained two doors and some chapels ritual: a "false", through which the deceased was allowed to leave the afterlife to go to receive tenders deposited by the living, and a well, closed with stones and debris, often very deep which gave access to the tomb itself. The outside of the mastaba has the task to close access to the tomb and to report the presence of the construction of pyramids sepolcreto.La part by the great Egyptian architect Imhotep, who designed the first pyramid 100 years before that of Cheops, for Djorser . At that time, the pharaohs in Seppl called mastaba tombs, Imhotep, who by tradition is also the founder of the Egyptian medical science, had the idea to put more mastaba on top of each other, thus creating the first pyramid at intervals desert of Saqqara. The transition from the stepped pyramid with smooth sides that took place during the reign of King Snefru, father of Cheops, in Meidum, about 70 km south of Cairo. Founded probably as a pyramid with steps, and perhaps because of it, or even the inexperienced architects, the structure collapsed in revealing new look at the original steps that we can still ammirare.Snefru built two more pyramids, Dashur. The first was designed with a pyramidal structure with a true flat faces, but the angle of 54 degrees was too steep to be able to complete the project. In addition, the ground is not solid enough, causing further problems of stability, then resolved by changing the angle to 43 degrees. The sides at that point, therefore, rise at an angle less and create an edge, from where even the name of pyramid diamond shape. Dissatisfied with his success, he realized Snefru another pyramid, which chooses the place of burial. Because of the color of its stones, the latter is also called the "red pyramid" and has the dimensions almost like the Great Pyramid of Cheops. Its base of 220m and its pendeza 45 degrees, it rises to well 104m.Cheope wanted to surpass his father, a pyramid building even bigger, even more impressive. Originally 147m high, has a height slightly lower today due to the removal of the coating of limestone and pyramidion.

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